Sinais de Alerta de Câncer de Rim no Início: Hematuria, Dor Flanqueal, Massa

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is often asymptomatic early; signs emerge with tumor growth:

Classic Triad (Now <10% at Presentation)

• Hematuria (gross or microscopic)
• Flank pain
• Palpable abdominal mass

Common Presenting Features

• Microscopic hematuria on routine urinalysis (most common).
• Incidental finding on imaging for unrelated reason (~50%).
• Fatigue, weight loss, anorexia (paraneoplastic).
• Hypertension (renin secretion or renal artery compression).
• Anemia (EPO suppression, chronic disease).
• Hypercalcemia (PTHrP secretion).
• Polycythemia (EPO excess — rare).
• Lower extremity edema (IVC compression).

Risk Factors

Smoking, obesity, hypertension, CKD, occupational (trichloroethylene), hereditary (VHL, HLRCC, BHD).

Screening

No population screening. High-risk: consider periodic ultrasound/MRI. Average-risk: incidental detection.

Early stage (T1) 5-year survival >90%; metastatic <15%.