Globulin Reference Ranges by Age and Sex

Serum globulins (alpha, beta, gamma) are measured as total protein minus albumin. Reference intervals vary by laboratory; always use the lab's provided range.

Typical Adult Ranges (g/dL)

Clinical Interpretation

• Elevated: Chronic inflammation, infection, autoimmune disease, polyclonal gammopathy, multiple myeloma (monoclonal spike on SPEP), dehydration.
• Low: Nephrotic syndrome, protein-losing enteropathy, immunodeficiency, hepatic failure, hemodilution.

Protein electrophoresis (SPEP) separates fractions (α1, α2, β, γ) to identify monoclonal vs. polyclonal patterns.